The 24-year-old joined Coventry from Hammarby in 2024 and remains under contract with the club until 2028.
Dovin moved to League One side Leyton Orient on a season-long loan in September, but his spell has now been cut short.
“Coventry City FC can confirm that goalkeeper Oliver Dovin has returned to the club for treatment of a shoulder injury,” Coventry said in a statement.
“Oliver returns to Coventry, where he will continue his rehabilitation over the coming weeks.”
Dovin made one appearance for Leyton Orient before returning to Coventry. He missed the entirety of last season because of injury.
The goalkeeper has also won two senior caps for Sweden.