Chelsea were fined £10.75 million in March after being charged by the Premier League over historical breaches of competition rules, with a separate six-point deduction "set aside" on appeal.
Owners Todd Boehly and Clearlake Capital had self-reported 74 breaches of Football Association rules upon buying the club in 2022, with Chelsea admitting to £47 million in secret payments made to unregistered agents and third parties on transfers between 2011 and 2018.
Antonio Conte's Chelsea finished seven points clear of Pochettino's Spurs to win the title in 2016-17.
"We should win one title, one Premier League. We should have been awarded it," Pochettino said. "They were punished, they admitted, so that's it? The title should be for the team that was second. It's true that we didn't compete with the same rules. It's completely fair to say that we didn't compete before the start of the season with the same card."
Pochettino, who managed Spurs from 2014 to 2019 and later took charge of Chelsea himself for the 2023-24 season, argued the financial breaches may have cost Tottenham more than just the title itself.
"Maybe with the same rules, if we apply the same things, maybe we could've signed some players that would have made the team better or scored more goals," he said. "It's not me complaining — it's the truth. If they admitted they broke the rules, the Premier League title was for the second-best team.
"I'm not scared to say the truth. The Chelsea fans will be upset with me because I'm saying this, but if we were at Tottenham and broke the rules I'd admit the same."
The Premier League's investigation found undisclosed third-party payments connected to a number of transfers between 2011 and 2018, including those of Eden Hazard, Samuel Eto'o, Willian, Ramires, David Luiz, André Schürrle and Nemanja Matić, with no suggestion of wrongdoing by any of the players involved. The Premier League ultimately concluded that Chelsea would not have breached profitability and sustainability rules had the payments been properly registered at the time, and determined a points deduction would not be an appropriate punishment.
The £10 million fine, which would otherwise have been £20 million, was reduced by 50 per cent in recognition of Chelsea's proactive self-reporting and cooperation with the investigation. A further £750,000 fine issued in March related separately to academy player registrations between 2019 and 2022, for which Chelsea also received an immediate nine-month academy transfer ban.