The Ivory Coast international came off the bench to score Juventus' second goal in the 87th minute, curling a right-footed effort into the far corner after Kerim Alajbegovic had opened the scoring.
It was an important response from Luciano Spalletti's side following a difficult run of results, with Boga believing the time spent together away from their usual surroundings had helped restore the team's confidence.
"The training camp was very important. During this time together, we learned a lot. Today we put our hearts into it, as we had told each other before the match," he said.
Boga's goal was particularly satisfying after an injury had interrupted his progress and left him working to regain his physical condition. However, the forward insisted the result mattered more to him than finding the net.
"I was out, then I came back, and it was difficult to find my condition again. Today I am happier about the victory than the goal. We must always put our hearts into it, as we did today."
The 29-year-old's contribution came after Alajbegovic had produced a superb long-range finish to put Juventus ahead. The young midfielder's ability to shoot from distance was something Boga had discussed with him and fellow substitute Edon Zhegrova before kick-off.
Boga believes Alajbegovic has the technical quality to threaten opponents more regularly from outside the penalty area, and encouraged him to show greater conviction when opportunities arise.
"He is a very strong player. Today, before the match, Zhegrova and I spoke and said that we should shoot more. We had that in our minds. He has that shot in his locker; he needs to use it more and do it with the conviction he showed today."
The two goals ultimately secured a valuable victory against Napoli, with Juventus also benefiting from Luca Marianucci's dismissal in the 75th minute.
For Boga, the performance offered an example of the commitment the team must carry into their next fixtures. Having returned from injury and made an impact from the bench, he will hope to build on a goal that provided a personal reward and helped Juventus get their season back on track.