The individual was reported to have attempted to strike Camavinga and other Real Madrid players with a flagpole during the visitors' celebration of their second goal in the 2-1 victory at Spotify Camp Nou.
The Catalan police have now identified the supporter and filed an administrative complaint under Spain's Sports Law.
La Liga had previously reported the incident to the disciplinary committee of the Royal Spanish Football Federation (RFEF), with Barcelona's security personnel assisting the investigation.
The supporter belongs to one of the groups associated with the club's Grada 1957 animation section. Barcelona will also refer the matter to its own disciplinary commission to determine what internal action should follow.
The expected classification is a serious offence because the incident did not result in physical injuries or material damage.
Under the relevant legislation, a serious infringement can carry a financial penalty ranging from €3,000 to €60,000.
If the incident were instead classified as very serious, the potential fine would increase to between €60,001 and €650,000.
A stadium ban could also accompany the financial penalty.
For a serious offence, the individual could be prohibited from entering sporting venues for between six months and two years. A very serious classification would increase that period to between two and five years.
The case is therefore expected to be treated as a serious infringement, although the final administrative decision and precise punishment remain to be determined.
Barcelona's cooperation with the Mossos was important in identifying the individual, with the club's security services helping investigators establish who was involved.
The incident has also prompted wider scrutiny of supporter behaviour during a fixture that ended in a 2-1 defeat for the hosts.
La Liga has reiterated its commitment to addressing violence and inappropriate conduct at football matches, while the investigation into the incident forms part of the disciplinary response to events surrounding the Clásico.
The identified supporter now faces potential consequences under both the sporting legislation and Barcelona's internal disciplinary procedures.